Understanding Endometriosis

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services estimates that more than five million women in the United States have endometriosis, a condition that can occur in any teen or woman who has menstrual periods but it is most common in women in their 30s and 40s.

“Endometriosis exists when viable cells of the lining of the uterus reside and grow outside the uterus,” says Scott Chatham, MD, of Catawba Women’s Center. “Its main symptoms are chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and, rarely, damage to other organ systems.

“Women who have the early onset of menses, have regular and heavy periods, or have no children are at increased risk of developing endometriosis,” Dr. Chatham continues. “Since a strong immune system is needed to prevent endometrial cells from growing outside the uterus, women with a compromised immune system are also at risk. And women with a first-degree relative with endometriosis are at ten times the average risk.

“The cause of endometriosis is unclear, and few preventive measures are known. The use of birth control pills can reduce the risk by preventing ovulation and achieving light periods. Similarly, IUDs containing progesterone can reduce risk by producing lighter periods.

“Endometriosis can be treated medically or surgically. It is important to note, however, that endometriosis has many presentations, and treatment should be tailored to an individual patient’s needs.”

For more information about endometriosis, call Catawba Women’s Center at 828/322-4140.